IELTS Academic Writing Task-1
Useful Vocabulary:
the proportion of
the percentage of
10% = one in ten
12% = slightly more than one in ten
15% = less than a fifth
20% = a fifth
23% = less than quarter
28% = slightly more than quarter
25% = a quarter
50% = half
49% = nearly a half
75 % = three-quarters
77% = just over three quarter
77% = approximately three quarter
80% = four-fifths
75% - 85% = a very large majority
65 - 75% = a significant proportion
10% - 15% = a minority
5% = a very small number
In 2022/ the 20th century / in the first ten years
for the first six months / twenty years
During the first six months/ half of this century / remainder of the year
Q.1. The pie chart below shows the main reasons why agricultural land becomes less productive. The table shows how these causes affected three regions of the world during the 1990S.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.
Ans:
The pie chart illustrates that there are four main causes of farmland becoming degraded in the world today. Globally, 65% of degradation is caused by too much animal grazing and tree clearance, constituting 35% and 30% respectively. A further 28% of global degradation is due to over-cultivation of crops. Other causes account for only 7% collectively.
These causes affected different regions differently in the 1990S, with Europe having as much as 9.8 % of degradation due to deforestation, while the impact of this on Oceania and North America was minimal with only 1.7% and 0.2% of land affected respectively. Europe, with the highest overall percentage of land degraded (23%), also suffered from over-cultivation (7.7%) and over-grazing (5.5%).
In contrast, Oceania had 13% of degraded farmland and this was mainly due to over-grazing (11.3%), North America had a lower proportion of degraded land at only 5%, and the main causes of this were over-cultivation (3.35) and to a lesser extent, over-grazing (1.5%).
Overall, it is clear that Europe suffered more from farmland degradation than the other regions, and the main causes there were deforestation and over-cultivation.
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Pie Charts:
Q.2. THE THREE PIE CHARTS BELOW SHOW THE CHANGES IN ANNUAL SPENDING BY A PARTICULAR UK SCHOOL IN 1981, 1991 AND 2001.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
Model Ans:
The pie charts illustrate how much a UK school spent on different running costs in three separate years: 1981, 1991 and 2001.
In all three years, the greatest expenditure was on staff salaries.While other workers' salaries saw a fall from 28% in 1981 to only 15% of spending in 2001, teachers' pay remainder the biggest cost, reaching 50% of total spending in 1991 and ending at 45% in 2001.
Expending on resources such as books had increased to 20% by 1991 before decreasing to only 9% by the end of the period. In contrast, the cost of furniture and equipment saw an opposite trend. This cost decreased to only 5% of total expenditure in 1991 but rose dramatically in 2001 when it represented 23% of the school budget. Similarly, the cost of insurance saw a rising trend, growing from only 2% to 8% by 2001.
Overall, teachers' salaries constituted the largest cost to the school and while spending increased dramatically for equipment and insurance, there were corresponding drops in expenditure on things such as books and on other workers' salaries.
3. The pie charts show the electricity generated in Germany and France from all sources and renewables in the year 2009.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.
Sample Pie Chart - Model Answer:
The four pie charts compare the electricity generated between Germany and France during 2009, and it is measured in billions kWh.
Overall, it can be seen that conventional thermal was the main source of electricity in Germany, whereas nuclear was the main source in France.The bulk of electricity in Germany, whose total output was 560 billion kWh, came from conventional thermal, at 59.6%.
In France, the total output was lower, at 510 billion kWh, and in contrast to Germany, conventional thermal accounted for just 10.3%, with most electricity coming from nuclear power (76%). In Germany, the proportion of nuclear power generated electricity was only one fifth of the total.
Moving on to renewables, this accounted for quite similar proportions for both countries,
ranging from around 14% to 17% of the total electricity generated. In detail, in Germany,
most of the renewables consisted of wind and biomass, totaling around 75%, which was
far higher than for hydroelectric (17.7%) and solar (6.1%).
The situation was very different in France, where hydroelectric made up 80.5% of renewable electricity, with biomass, wind and solar making up the remaining 20%. Neither country used geothermal energy.
3. The three pie charts below show the coffee production and consumption of coffee and where the profit goes around the world.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.
Ans: The given three pie charts show the data about the producion and consumption of coffee and also give information about the distribution of the profits from it in different sectors. It is clear from the first and second pie charts that South Africa is the major producer of coffee and Europe and the USA have a very high consumption of coffee.
From the first chart it is clear that South Africa produces the maximum coffee. Its coffee production is 44% and Indonesia's production is half of that. Japan and Vietnam stand at 18% and 16% of coffee production, respectively.
The second pie chart reveals that the maximum consumption of coffee is in European nation (41%) and the second highest consumption is in the USA (39%). Japan needs to import only 8% of the coffee, as it is also a coffee producer. The rest of the world consumes just over a fifth of the coffee.
The profit distribution in the coffee market is illustrated in the third pie chart. Half of the total profit is earned by the delivery sector, whereas the retailers earn almost a quarter of the profits. A tenth of the profits go the exporters and the remaining 15% profits are earned by the production sector.
Overall, it can be said that the countries that consume the most coffee are also the biggest importers of coffee. It is also surprising that the delivery sector earns more profit than any other sector.
4. The pie charts below show the different types of courses, which were followed by the students during the years of 1984, 1994 and 2004.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
Ans: The given pie charts compare the ways in which students studied in 1984, 1994 and 2004. It is clear that some methods gained popularity while others lost popularity.
In 1984, face-to-face courses were most popular with two thirds (67%) of the students opting for such courses. A fifth (20%) of the students studied through correspondence courses and the least number (13%) opted for mixed media courses.
In 1994, the popularity of correspondence courses did not change. Mixed media courses gained slight popularity with 2% more students opting for them. Face to face method decreased by 13% and in their place online courses were opted by 11% students.
In 2004, the popularity of mixed media courses more than doubled and 39% students enrolled in such courses. Face to face courses reduced further and 40% students chose such courses in 2004.
Overall, it can be seen that with the passage of time fewer students chose face-to - face method, but the multimedia courses were chosen by more and more students.
Q.5. The charts provide information about students in 2007, who were happy with different facilities at a university of UK.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.
Ans: The pie charts illustrate the opinions of undergraduate and postgradute students on the different facilities at a university. It can be seen that the satisfaction levels were similar in some matters and different in others.
Both undergrads and postgraduates had similar feelings about the schoolars at the university. About 2/3 of both were very satisfied, a quarter were not satisfied and the remaining 13 - 14 % each were quite satisfied.
There was a marked difference of opinion regarding University cafeteria. Approximately 3/4 of the postgraduates were very satisfied but only about a half of undergrads were very satisfied. 16% and 11% of postgraduates were quite satisfied and not satisfied respectively where as these figures were 22% and 26% respectively for the undergrads. The major discrepancy was regarding school facilities for which only a small minority (1%) of undergrads was not satisfied but a quarter (25%) of postgraduates were not satisfied. A vast majority (85%) of undergrads were very satisfied whereas less than half (43%) postgraduates were very satisfied. 14% undergrads were quite satisfied but almost a double (32%) postgraduates were quite happy with school facilities.
Overall, school facilities satisfied the majority of undergraduates, university cafeteria was the favourite of postgraduates.
6. The charts below show the reasons why some people choose to leave the UK and some people choose to stay in the UK.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.
Ans: The given pie charts illustrate that why some individuals opt to migrate from the UK, whereas others stay in their home country. The graphs make it clear that quality of life is the reason why the maximum people choose to leave the UK, whereas family and friends are the reason of the majority to stay in the UK.
Approximately one in ten prefer to leave the UK because of family and friends, whereas a little over two fifths stay in the UK because of family and friends. Just under a quarter migrate from the UK for financial reasons, whereas 15% stay in the UK for this reason. 15% and 18% people respectively stay or leave the UK for employment.
In contrast, one in ten leave the UK because of weather conditions, and quality of life is the reason of 37% people to leave the UK. A fifth (21%) stay in the UK becasue they are satisfied with the social life, and 15% stay in the UK for financial reasons.
Overall, there are some similar and some different reasons for people choosing to stay or leave the UK.
7. The chart below shows the main methods of transport of people travelling to one university in 2004 and 2009.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.
Ans: The given pie charts illustrate the principal means of transport used by people to commute to a university in 2004 and 2009. It is clear that car was the most popular mode of transport in 2004, whereas bus was dominant in 2009.
In 2004, car was chosen by a little over half the commuters. A third (33%) chose the bus, whereas slightly less than one in ten chose the bicycle. A small minority (3% and 4%) took the train or walked to the university respectively.
In 2009, the use of car declined and only 28% went to the university by car. 46% bussed to the university, which was an increase of 13% from the figures of 2004. Bicycles were used by 16%, which constituted a significant growth from the data of 2004. The use of train escalated slightly to 4%, whereas those going on foot increased to 6%.
Overall, the most noticeable rise was in the percentage of cyclists and bus users over a period of 5 years.
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